NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF ARC MOTION IN RAILGUN MUZZLE UNDER THE EFFECT OF BACKFLOW

在电磁轨道炮发射过程中,膛口外的高温气团以远高于声速的运动速度向内膛运动,这会使得膛口的电弧形态发生改变以及电弧位移。为了实现膛口电弧运动过程的数值计算,本文基于磁流体理论,引入了一种和电弧等离子体自身电导率密切相关的电位边界条件处理方法,建立了膛口位置电弧仿真模型。对回流效应下的电弧运动规律进行了分析,并且研究了运动过程中电弧对内膛流场的温度分布产生的影响。结果表明电弧的运动加剧了膛内温升。     

DROP FORMATION FROM A CAPILLARY TUBE IN THE PRESENCE OF SURFACTANT 1)

本文研究了竖直毛细圆管出口表面活化剂包覆液滴的形成过程。基于泰勒展开和润滑近似理论, 建立了液滴形成过程的一维动力学模型,并且通过坐标变换和有限差分的方法进行了数值求解。结果显示, 液滴自由面上表面活化剂包覆层可促进液滴颈部断裂,加快液滴头部与尾部锥形区的分离过程。与此同时, 还可增大颈部断裂前液滴下落的极限位移。与表面活化剂的活性相比, 液滴自由面上表面活化剂浓度的变化对液滴形成过程以及液滴形貌变化的影响更为显著。     

Conjugate natural convection from an array of discrete heat sources: part 2 — a numerical parametric study

Coupled conduction and natural convection transport within a discretely heated cavity have been investigated numerically. One vertical wall of the cavity is composed of discrete, isoflux heat sources mounted in a substrate of finite thermal conductivity. The opposite vertical wall and the horizontal walls are assumed to be isothermal and adiabatic, respectively. The governing steady-state partial differential equations for the fluid and solid region are solved simultaneously using a control volume formulation, coupled with an additive correction multigrid procedure that increases the convergence rate of the solution. The fluid Prandtl number and heater/fluid thermal conductivity ratio are fixed at 25 and 2350, respectively, corresponding to a dielectric fluid (FC-77) and heaters manufactured from silicon. With increasing modified Rayleigh number (10⁴ < Ra_Lz^* < 109), the cavity flow becomes more boundary layer-like along the vertical walls, and multiple fluid cells develop in the central region. Thermal spreading in the substrate increases with decreasing modified Rayleigh number and with increasing values of the substrate/fluid thermal conductivity ratio (10⁻¹ <- R_s ≤ 10³). For large R_s, the discrete heat sources lose their thermal identity, and the streamlines and isotherms resemble those associated with a differentially heated cavity. Thermal spreading in the substrate also has a significant effect on circulation in the cavity and on maximum surface temperatures.     

高温真实气体底部流动的NS方程数值计算

本文数值模拟了高超音速飞行时钝锥的底部流动。采用轴对称NS方程并考虑真实气体效应。湍流模型采用修正的Baldwin-Lomax涡粘性代数模型,数值方法空间离散对流项采用显式NND格式,粘性项采用中心差。时间离散采用三阶的龙格-库塔法。真实气体模型采用考虑七种组分四种反应的汉森模型。给出了底部流场的压力和温度分布及各组分的浓度分布。可以看出在近底部区域高速流-绕过拐角就产生一回流旋涡区。由于温度变化很大,气体的热力学特性受气体离解、复合和振动能激发的影响。所以整个流动过程变得十分复杂。     

On numerical solution of dynamic problems in the theory of reinforced shells

Dynamic problems for cylindrical shells reinforced with discrete ribs are examined. A numerical algorithm based on Richardson extrapolation is developed. Specific problems are solved, and the results are analyzed __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 42, No. 5, pp. 50–56, May 2006.     

混凝土板爆破作用数值分析

混凝土板是爆破拆除经常遇到的爆破对象，是建筑物的基本构件．爆炸应力波峰值随距离衰减是工程爆破参数设计的理论依据之一．通过数值计算，研究爆炸应力波峰值随距离的衰减规律．研究结果表明，与无限混凝土介质相比，爆炸应力波峰值在混凝土板中衰减较快．应力波峰值的衰减指数随装药量增大而减小，衰减指数的变化率也随装药量的增大而减小．     

THREE HIGH-ORDER SPLITTING SCHEMES FOR 3D TRANSPORT EQUATION

IntroductionWith the development of modern industry, various pollutants discharge into the air,rivers, lakes and oceans, which makes the environmental qualities worse and has bad effectson the mankind’s health and the sustained development of industry an…     

Effect of Boundary-Layer Thickness on the Structure of a Near-Wall Flow with a Two-Dimensional Obstacle

Results of physical and numerical experiments on investigating the effect of the depth of immersion of a two-dimensional obstacle with a square cross section into a developed turbulent boundary layer on the length of the separated flow region are presented. The numerical simulation is based on solving averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the use of the k– model of turbulence. The near-wall flow is visualized in the experiments, and the fields of mean and fluctuating velocities are measured. Flow regions where the results of numerical simulation agree with experimental data are determined. It is shown that the length of the recirculation flow region in the near wake increases with decreasing depth of immersion of the two-dimensional obstacle into the turbulent boundary layer.     

求解转子系统突加不平衡响应方法的研究

本文提出并研究了用传递函数分析法求转子系统的突加不平衡响应,讨论了求这一响应的最佳数值积分方法。用本文提出的理论解方法及三种常用的数值积分法:尤拉后差法,纽马克法,及呼伯特法,对一模型转子算例进行了分析计算,结果表明;尤拉后差法最适用于求转子系统的突加不平衡响应。本文提出的传递函数分析法,可以和试验模态分析方法相结合,以求解复杂转子系统的突加不平衡响应。     

RESEARCH ON ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DURING THE EXPLOSION PROGRESS OF COMPOSITION B EXPLOSIVES$^{\bf 1)}$

炸药爆炸过程中产生明显的电磁辐射干扰在很多领域引起了重视, 爆炸产生电磁辐射的机理和理论模型都不成熟, 实验仍然是研究这一现象的重要手段. 本文设计了不同质量的B炸药爆炸电磁辐射实验, 测量了爆炸整个过程中不同时刻的电磁辐射信号. 通过小波分析方法对实测信号进行处理, 得到真实信号和信号的时频特点, 小波分析得到真实信号的频谱主要分布在0$\sim$50 kHz. 利用自主开发的EXPLOSION-3D软件对实验工况进行数值模拟, 得到爆炸过程不同时刻流场的特点. 对比实验结果和数值模拟结果得出: 第一个脉冲信号是由B炸药爆轰产生的高温高压等离子体直接产生的电磁脉冲; 第二个脉冲信号是由地面反射的冲击波追上前沿冲击波, 空气冲击波阵面处形成的等离子体产生的电磁脉冲; 第三个脉冲信号是冲击波撞击测量线圈引起的无效信号. 其中, 第一个电磁脉冲幅值与当量的1/3次方基本呈线性关系, 其到达时间对炸药药量不敏感; 第二个电磁脉冲出现的时间与炸药的当量成指数关系, 药量越大, 出现时间越晚. 通过对第二个脉冲信号的分析, 得出了冲击波反射形成电磁脉冲信号时的爆炸波流场特征, 为后续相关理论机理研究提供了验证数据.